GEKKO Python Tutorials

Main.GekkoPythonOptimization History

Hide minor edits - Show changes to output

October 31, 2022, at 07:25 PM by 10.35.117.248 -
Added lines 7-12:
(:html:)
<a href='https://colab.research.google.com/github/BYU-PRISM/GEKKO/blob/master/examples/gekko_18examples.ipynb'>
<button class="button"><span>Try Gekko Online</span></button>
</a>
(:htmlend:)

Added lines 892-973:
(:htmlend:)

(:html:)
<style>
.button {
  border-radius: 4px;
  background-color: #0066ff;
  border: none;
  color: #FFFFFF;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 24px;
  padding: 20px;
  width: 100%;
  transition: all 0.5s;
  cursor: pointer;
  margin: 5px;
}

.button span {
  cursor: pointer;
  display: inline-block;
  position: relative;
  transition: 0.5s;
}

.button span:after {
  content: '\00bb';
  position: absolute;
  opacity: 0;
  top: 0;
  right: -20px;
  transition: 0.5s;
}

.button:hover span {
  padding-right: 25px;
}

.button:hover span:after {
  opacity: 1;
  right: 0;
}

.button2 {
  border-radius: 4px;
  background-color: #0066ff;
  border: none;
  color: #FFFFFF;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 24px;
  padding: 20px;
  width: 100%;
  transition: all 0.5s;
  cursor: pointer;
  margin: 5px;
}

.button2 span {
  cursor: pointer;
  display: inline-block;
  position: relative;
  transition: 0.5s;
}

.button2 span:after {
  content: '\00bb';
  position: absolute;
  opacity: 0;
  top: 0;
  right: -20px;
  transition: 0.5s;
}

.button2:hover span {
  padding-right: 25px;
}

.button2:hover span:after {
  opacity: 1;
  right: 0;
}
</style>
Changed lines 741-746 from:
m.time = p.time
to:
nt=51 # number of time steps
m
.time = np.linspace(0,10,nt)
# input steps
u_meas = np.zeros(nt)
# simulated measurements
y_meas = (np.random.rand(nt)-0.5)*0.2
Changed lines 779-780 from:
m.solve(disp=False)
to:
m.solve(disp=True)
Deleted line 786:
plt.plot(p.time,p.y.value,'k-',label='Output (y) actual')
April 12, 2022, at 11:04 PM by 10.35.117.248 -
Changed line 46 from:
Attach:github.png [[https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/url/apmonitor.com/wiki/uploads/Main/gekko.ipynb|GEKKO Solutions (Jupyter Notebook)]]
to:
%width=35px%Attach:github.png [[https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/url/apmonitor.com/wiki/uploads/Main/gekko.ipynb|GEKKO Solutions (Jupyter Notebook)]]
April 12, 2022, at 11:03 PM by 10.35.117.248 -
Changed lines 46-48 from:
Attach:download.png [[https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/url/apmonitor.com/wiki/uploads/Main/gekko.ipynb|GEKKO Solutions (Jupyter Notebook)]]
to:
Attach:github.png [[https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/url/apmonitor.com/wiki/uploads/Main/gekko.ipynb|GEKKO Solutions (Jupyter Notebook)]]

%width=50px%Attach:colab.png [[https://colab.research.google.com/github/BYU-PRISM/GEKKO/blob/master/examples/gekko_18examples.ipynb|Solution Notebook in Google Colab
]]
March 20, 2021, at 12:50 PM by 136.36.4.38 -
Changed line 28 from:
The latest GEKKO source is available on Github.  Functionality is tested with Python 2.7 and Python 3+ for all operating systems (Windows, MacOS, Linux) and architectures (such as ARM processors) that support Python.
to:
The latest GEKKO source is available on GitHub. Download statistics are available from the [[https://pypistats.org/packages/gekko|PyPI Stats Website]]. Functionality is tested with Python 2.7 and Python 3+ for all operating systems (Windows, MacOS, Linux) and architectures (such as ARM processors) that support Python.
Changed line 251 from:
!!!! [[https://apmonitor.com/do/index.php/Main/DeepLearning|Hybrid Machine Learning]]: Cosine Activation
to:
!!!!! [[https://apmonitor.com/do/index.php/Main/DeepLearning|Hybrid Machine Learning]]: Cosine Activation
Changed lines 218-219 from:
!!!! [[https://gekko.readthedocs.io/en/latest/brain.html|Gekko Brain Module]] Simplifies Code
to:
!!!!! [[https://gekko.readthedocs.io/en/latest/brain.html|Gekko Brain Module]] Simplifies Code

%width=550px%Attach:gekko_brain_example.png

Changed line 251 from:
!!!! [[https://apmonitor.com/do/index.php/Main/DeepLearning|Hybrid Machine Learning]]: Cosine Activation Function
to:
!!!! [[https://apmonitor.com/do/index.php/Main/DeepLearning|Hybrid Machine Learning]]: Cosine Activation
Added lines 217-250:

!!!! [[https://gekko.readthedocs.io/en/latest/brain.html|Gekko Brain Module]] Simplifies Code

(:source lang=python:)
from gekko import brain
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

# generate training data
x = np.linspace(0.0,2*np.pi,20)
y = np.sin(x)

x = np.array(x)
y = np.array(y)

b = brain.Brain()
b.input_layer(1)
b.layer(linear=2)
b.layer(tanh=3)
b.layer(linear=2)
b.output_layer(1)

b.learn(x,y) # train
xp = np.linspace(-2*np.pi,4*np.pi,100)
yp = b.think(xp) # validate

plt.figure()
plt.plot(x,y,'bo')
plt.plot(xp,yp[0],'r-')
plt.show()
(:sourceend:)

!!!! [[https://apmonitor.com/do/index.php/Main/DeepLearning|Hybrid Machine Learning]]: Cosine Activation Function

January 15, 2020, at 12:02 AM by 147.47.207.67 -
Changed line 1 from:
(:title GEKKO Python Optimization:)
to:
(:title GEKKO Python Tutorials:)
January 12, 2020, at 03:51 PM by 147.46.252.163 -
Added line 55:
from gekko import GEKKO
April 06, 2019, at 12:58 AM by 45.56.3.173 -
Changed line 11 from:
 python -m pip install gekko
to:
 pip install gekko
April 02, 2019, at 09:18 PM by 10.37.195.189 -
Changed line 59 from:
m.solve(disp=False)  # solve locally (remote=False)
to:
m.solve(disp=False)
Changed lines 418-419 from:
m.solve(remote=True)
to:
m.solve()
Changed line 826 from:
m.solve(disp=True)          # solve locally (remote=False)
to:
m.solve(disp=True)
December 18, 2018, at 10:07 PM by 10.37.144.156 -
Changed line 32 from:
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gekko_(optimization_software)|GEKKO Wikipedia Article]]
to:
* (:html:)<a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gekko_(optimization_software)'>GEKKO Wikipedia Article</a>(:htmlend:)
December 18, 2018, at 10:05 PM by 10.37.144.156 -
December 18, 2018, at 10:02 PM by 10.37.144.156 -
Changed line 11 from:
 python pip install gekko
to:
 python -m pip install gekko
Added line 814:
m.open_folder()
November 06, 2018, at 01:50 PM by 173.117.227.181 -
Changed line 238 from:
   n2 = 3  # hidden layer 2 (nonlinear)
to:
   n2 = 2  # hidden layer 2 (nonlinear)
Changed line 5 from:
GEKKO Python is designed for large-scale optimization and accesses solvers of constrained, unconstrained, continuous, and discrete problems. Problems in linear programming, quadratic programming, integer programming, nonlinear optimization, systems of dynamic nonlinear equations, and multiobjective optimization can be solved. The platform can find optimal solutions, perform tradeoff analyses, balance multiple design alternatives, and incorporate optimization methods into external modeling and analysis software. It is free for academic and commercial use under the MIT license.
to:
GEKKO Python is designed for large-scale optimization and accesses solvers of constrained, unconstrained, continuous, and discrete problems. Problems in linear programming, quadratic programming, integer programming, nonlinear optimization, systems of dynamic nonlinear equations, and multi-objective optimization can be solved. The platform can find optimal solutions, perform tradeoff analyses, balance multiple design alternatives, and incorporate optimization methods into external modeling and analysis software. It is free for academic and commercial use under the MIT license.
August 11, 2018, at 09:02 PM by 174.148.138.184 -
Changed lines 396-400 from:
x1.lb = 1
x2.lb = 1
x3.lb = 1
x4.lb = 1
to:
x1.lower = 1
x2.lower = 1
x3.lower = 1
x4.lower = 1
Changed lines 402-405 from:
x1.ub = 5
x2.ub = 5
x3.ub = 5
x4.ub = 5
to:
x1.upper = 5
x2.upper = 5
x3.upper = 5
x4.upper = 5
August 06, 2018, at 12:26 PM by 187.250.71.216 -
Changed line 838 from:
There are many other applications and instructional material posted to this freely available course web-site. The online course is generally offered starting each year in January. There are two course projects that include the [[https://apmonitor.com/heat.htm|temperature control lab (1st project)]] and a project that is a [[https://apmonitor.com/do/index.php/Main/ProjectLab|group choice (2nd project)]]). Below is an example student presentation at the end of the course. It is representative of the modeling, estimation, and control methods that are taught in the course.
to:
There are many other applications and instructional material posted to this freely available course web-site. The online course is generally offered starting each year in January. There are two course projects that include the [[https://apmonitor.com/do/index.php/Main/AdvancedTemperatureControl|advanced temperature control lab (1st project)]] and a project that is a [[https://apmonitor.com/do/index.php/Main/ProjectLab|group choice (2nd project)]]. Below is an example student presentation at the end of the course. It is representative of the modeling, estimation, and control methods that are taught in the dynamic optimization course.
August 06, 2018, at 12:24 PM by 187.250.71.216 -
Changed lines 832-838 from:
The [[https://apmonitor.com/do|Dynamic Optimization Course]] is graduate level course taught over fourteen weeks to introduce concepts in mathematical modeling, data reconciliation, estimation, and control. There are many other applications and instructional material posted to this freely available course web-site. The online course is generally offered starting each year in January. Below is an example student presentation at the end of the course. It is representative of the modeling, estimation, and control methods learned.
to:
The [[https://apmonitor.com/do|Dynamic Optimization Course]] is graduate level course taught in three modules to introduce concepts in:

*
mathematical modeling (3 weeks)
* machine learning, estimation (3 weeks)
* control, optimization (3 weeks)

There are many other applications and instructional material posted to this freely available
course web-site. The online course is generally offered starting each year in January. There are two course projects that include the [[https://apmonitor.com/heat.htm|temperature control lab (1st project)]] and a project that is a [[https://apmonitor.com/do/index.php/Main/ProjectLab|group choice (2nd project)]]). Below is an example student presentation at the end of the course. It is representative of the modeling, estimation, and control methods that are taught in the course.
August 06, 2018, at 12:14 PM by 187.250.71.216 -
Changed line 38 from:
There are 18 example problems with GEKKO that are provided below. These examples demonstrate the equation solving, regression, differential equation simulation, nonlinear programming, machine learning, model predictive control, moving horizon estimation, debugging, and other applications. While these applications are designed to be tutorial in nature and very simple, [[Main/APMonitorReferences|GEKKO (and Apmonitor) references]] are further application examples of complex and multi-disciplinary systems.
to:
There are 18 example problems with GEKKO that are provided below. These examples demonstrate the equation solving, regression, differential equation simulation, nonlinear programming, machine learning, model predictive control, moving horizon estimation, debugging, and other applications. While these applications are designed to be tutorial in nature and very simple, [[Main/APMonitorReferences|GEKKO references]] are further application examples of complex and multi-disciplinary systems.
August 06, 2018, at 12:13 PM by 187.250.71.216 -
Changed lines 26-29 from:
!!! GEKKO Documentation and Source Code

The latest GEKKO source is available on Github.  Functionality is tested with
Python 2.7 and Python 3+.
to:
!!! GEKKO Information

The latest GEKKO source is available on Github.  Functionality is tested with Python 2.7 and
Python 3+ for all operating systems (Windows, MacOS, Linux) and architectures (such as ARM processors) that support Python.
Changed lines 32-33 from:

The development roadmap for this and other interfaces to APMonitor are detailed in the [[Main/ProductRoadmap|release notes]]. Example problems with GEKKO are provided below.
to:
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gekko_(optimization_software)|GEKKO Wikipedia Article]]

If you use
GEKKO and publish the results, please consider citing the following article:

* Beal, L.D.R., Hill, D., Martin, R.A., and Hedengren, J. D., ''GEKKO Optimization Suite'', Processes, Volume 6, Number 8, 2018, doi: 10.3390/pr6080106. [[https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/6/8/106|Article]] - [[Attach:Gekko.bib|BibTeX]] - [[Attach:Gekko.ris|RIS]]

There are 18 example problems with GEKKO that are provided below. These examples demonstrate the equation solving, regression, differential equation simulation, nonlinear programming, machine learning, model predictive control, moving horizon estimation, debugging, and other applications. While these applications are designed to be tutorial in nature and very simple, [[Main/APMonitorReferences|GEKKO (and Apmonitor) references]] are further application examples of complex and multi-disciplinary systems
.
May 31, 2018, at 11:19 PM by 10.5.113.123 -
Changed lines 43-45 from:
(:html:)
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www
.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PLLBUgWXdTBDjxcpH9hRuq-bsm_ti2UvoB" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
(:htmlend:)
to:
[[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLLBUgWXdTBDjxcpH9hRuq-bsm_ti2UvoB|Attach:gekko_playlist.gif]]
May 31, 2018, at 10:52 PM by 10.5.113.123 -
Changed line 44 from:
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PLLBUgWXdTBDjxcpH9hRuq-bsm_ti2UvoB&amp;hl=en_US" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
to:
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PLLBUgWXdTBDjxcpH9hRuq-bsm_ti2UvoB" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
May 28, 2018, at 01:52 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Changed lines 339-343 from:
m = GEKKO() # Initialize gekko
a
= 0.4
m.time=np.
linspace(0,20)
y = m.Var(value=5.0)
m.Equation(y.dt()==-a*y)
to:
m = GEKKO()
k = 10
m.time
= np.linspace(0,20,100)

y = m.Var(value=5)
t = m.Param(value=m.time)
m.Equation(k*y.dt()==-t*y)
Deleted line 346:
m.options.NODES=3
May 24, 2018, at 12:35 AM by 174.148.105.235 -
Changed line 235 from:
   n2 = 2  # hidden layer 2 (nonlinear)
to:
   n2 = 3  # hidden layer 2 (nonlinear)
May 23, 2018, at 09:17 PM by 174.148.105.235 -
Changed lines 97-106 from:
m = GEKKO()             # create GEKKO model
m.options.IMODE = 2     # solution mode
x =
m.Param(value=np.linspace(-1,6)) # prediction points
y
= m.Var(           # prediction results
m
.cspline(x, y, xm, ym) # cubic spline
m
.solve(disp=False)     # solve

# create plot
plt.plot
(xm,ym,'bo')
plt.plot(x.value,y.value,'r--',label='cubic spline')
to:
m = GEKKO()
m.x = m.Param(value=np.linspace(-1,6))
m.y =
m.Var()
m.
options.IMODE=2
m.cspline(m.x,m.y,xm,ym)
m.solve(disp=False)
#help(m.cspline)

p = GEKKO()
p.x
= p.Var(value=1,lb=0,ub=5)
p.y = p.Var()
p.cspline(p.
x,p.y,xm,ym)
p.Obj(-p.y)
p.solve(disp=False)

plt.plot(
xm,ym,'bo',label='data')
plt.plot(m.x.value,m.y.value,'r--',label='cubic spline')
plt.plot(p.x.value,p.y.value,'ko',label='maximum
')
May 23, 2018, at 02:35 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Added lines 42-45:

(:html:)
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PLLBUgWXdTBDjxcpH9hRuq-bsm_ti2UvoB&amp;hl=en_US" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
(:htmlend:)
May 23, 2018, at 01:55 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Deleted lines 46-47:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 48-53:
m = GEKKO()          # create GEKKO model
y = m.Var(value=2)    # define new variable, initial value=2
m.Equation(y**2==1)  # define new equation
m.options.SOLVER=1    # change solver (1=APOPT,3=IPOPT)
m.solve(disp=False)  # solve locally (remote=False)
print('y: ' + str(y.value)) # print variable value
Deleted lines 58-59:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 60-66:
from gekko import GEKKO
m = GEKKO()            # create GEKKO model
x = m.Var()            # define new variable, default=0
y = m.Var()            # define new variable, default=0
m.Equations([3*x+2*y==1, x+2*y==0])  # equations
m.solve(disp=False)    # solve
print(x.value,y.value) # print solution
Deleted lines 71-72:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 73-79:
from gekko import GEKKO
m = GEKKO()            # create GEKKO model
x = m.Var(value=0)      # define new variable, initial value=0
y = m.Var(value=1)      # define new variable, initial value=1
m.Equations([x + 2*y==0, x**2+y**2==1]) # equations
m.solve(disp=False)    # solve
print([x.value[0],y.value[0]]) # print solution
Deleted lines 84-85:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 86-104:
from gekko import GEKKO
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

xm = np.array([0,1,2,3,4,5])
ym = np.array([0.1,0.2,0.3,0.5,1.0,0.9])

m = GEKKO()            # create GEKKO model
m.options.IMODE = 2    # solution mode
x = m.Param(value=np.linspace(-1,6)) # prediction points
y = m.Var()            # prediction results
m.cspline(x, y, xm, ym) # cubic spline
m.solve(disp=False)    # solve

# create plot
plt.plot(xm,ym,'bo')
plt.plot(x.value,y.value,'r--',label='cubic spline')
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.show()
Deleted lines 109-110:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 111-154:
from gekko import GEKKO
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

xm = np.array([0,1,2,3,4,5])
ym = np.array([0.1,0.2,0.3,0.5,0.8,2.0])

#### Solution
m = GEKKO()
m.options.IMODE=2
# coefficients
c = [m.FV(value=0) for i in range(4)]
x = m.Param(value=xm)
y = m.CV(value=ym)
y.FSTATUS = 1
# polynomial model
m.Equation(y==c[0]+c[1]*x+c[2]*x**2+c[3]*x**3)

# linear regression
c[0].STATUS=1
c[1].STATUS=1
m.solve(disp=False)
p1 = [c[1].value[0],c[0].value[0]]

# quadratic
c[2].STATUS=1
m.solve(disp=False)
p2 = [c[2].value[0],c[1].value[0],c[0].value[0]]

# cubic
c[3].STATUS=1
m.solve(disp=False)
p3 = [c[3].value[0],c[2].value[0],c[1].value[0],c[0].value[0]]

# plot fit
plt.plot(xm,ym,'ko',markersize=10)
xp = np.linspace(0,5,100)
plt.plot(xp,np.polyval(p1,xp),'b--',linewidth=2)
plt.plot(xp,np.polyval(p2,xp),'r--',linewidth=3)
plt.plot(xp,np.polyval(p3,xp),'g:',linewidth=2)
plt.legend(['Data','Linear','Quadratic','Cubic'],loc='best')
plt.xlabel('x')
plt.ylabel('y')
plt.show()
Deleted lines 159-160:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 161-195:
from gekko import GEKKO
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

# measurements
xm = np.array([0,1,2,3,4,5])
ym = np.array([0.1,0.2,0.3,0.5,0.8,2.0])

# GEKKO model
m = GEKKO()

# parameters
x = m.Param(value=xm)
a = m.FV()
a.STATUS=1

# variables
y = m.CV(value=ym)
y.FSTATUS=1

# regression equation
m.Equation(y==0.1*m.exp(a*x))

# regression mode
m.options.IMODE = 2

# optimize
m.solve(disp=False)

# print parameters
print('Optimized, a = ' + str(a.value[0]))

plt.plot(xm,ym,'bo')
plt.plot(xm,y.value,'r-')
plt.show()
Deleted lines 200-201:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Changed lines 202-233 from:
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko8 button show="8. Solve Differential Equations":)
(:div id=gekko8:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko9 button show="9. Nonlinear Programming Optimization":)
(:div id=gekko9:)

{$ \min  x_1 x_4 (x_1 + x_2 + x_3) + x_3 $}

{$ \mathrm{subject\;to} \quad  x_1 x_2 x_3 x_4 \ge 25$}

{$\quad x_1^2 + x_2^2 + x_3^2 + x_4^2 = 40$}

{$\quad 1 \le x_1, x_2, x_3, x_4 \le 5$}

{$\quad x_0 = (1,5,5,1)$}

Solve this optimization problem from a [[https://apmonitor.com/online/view_pass.php?f=hs071.apm|web-browser interface]] or with GEKKO Python.

(:html:)
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/SH753YX2K1A" frameborder="0" gesture="media" allow="encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe>
(:htmlend:)

(:source lang=python:)
from gekko import GEKKO   
to:
from gekko import GEKKO
Changed lines 204-361 from:
to:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

# generate training data
x = np.linspace(0.0,2*np.pi,20)
y = np.sin(x)

# option for fitting function
select = False # True / False
if select:
    # Size with cosine function
    nin = 1  # inputs
    n1 = 1  # hidden layer 1 (linear)
    n2 = 1  # hidden layer 2 (nonlinear)
    n3 = 1  # hidden layer 3 (linear)
    nout = 1 # outputs
else:
    # Size with hyperbolic tangent function
    nin = 1  # inputs
    n1 = 2  # hidden layer 1 (linear)
    n2 = 2  # hidden layer 2 (nonlinear)
    n3 = 2  # hidden layer 3 (linear)
    nout = 1 # outputs

# Initialize gekko
train = GEKKO()
test = GEKKO()

model = [train,test]

for m in model:
    # input(s)
    m.inpt = m.Param()

    # layer 1
    m.w1 = m.Array(m.FV, (nin,n1))
    m.l1 = [m.Intermediate(m.w1[0,i]*m.inpt) for i in range(n1)]

    # layer 2
    m.w2a = m.Array(m.FV, (n1,n2))
    m.w2b = m.Array(m.FV, (n1,n2))
    if select:
        m.l2 = [m.Intermediate(sum([m.cos(m.w2a[j,i]+m.w2b[j,i]*m.l1[j]) \
                                for j in range(n1)])) for i in range(n2)]
    else:
        m.l2 = [m.Intermediate(sum([m.tanh(m.w2a[j,i]+m.w2b[j,i]*m.l1[j]) \
                                for j in range(n1)])) for i in range(n2)]
       
    # layer 3
    m.w3 = m.Array(m.FV, (n2,n3))
    m.l3 = [m.Intermediate(sum([m.w3[j,i]*m.l2[j] \
            for j in range(n2)])) for i in range(n3)]

    # output(s)
    m.outpt = m.CV()
    m.Equation(m.outpt==sum([m.l3[i] for i in range(n3)]))

    # flatten matrices
    m.w1 = m.w1.flatten()
    m.w2a = m.w2a.flatten()
    m.w2b = m.w2b.flatten()
    m.w3 = m.w3.flatten()
   
# Fit parameter weights
m = train
m.inpt.value=x
m.outpt.value=y
m.outpt.FSTATUS = 1
for i in range(len(m.w1)):
    m.w1[i].FSTATUS=1
    m.w1[i].STATUS=1
    m.w1[i].MEAS=1.0
for i in range(len(m.w2a)):
    m.w2a[i].STATUS=1
    m.w2b[i].STATUS=1
    m.w2a[i].FSTATUS=1
    m.w2b[i].FSTATUS=1
    m.w2a[i].MEAS=1.0
    m.w2b[i].MEAS=0.5
for i in range(len(m.w3)):
    m.w3[i].FSTATUS=1
    m.w3[i].STATUS=1
    m.w3[i].MEAS=1.0
m.options.IMODE = 2
m.options.SOLVER = 3
m.options.EV_TYPE = 2
m.solve(disp=False)

# Test sample points
m = test
for i in range(len(m.w1)):
    m.w1[i].MEAS=train.w1[i].NEWVAL
    m.w1[i].FSTATUS = 1
    print('w1['+str(i)+']: '+str(m.w1[i].MEAS))
for i in range(len(m.w2a)):
    m.w2a[i].MEAS=train.w2a[i].NEWVAL
    m.w2b[i].MEAS=train.w2b[i].NEWVAL
    m.w2a[i].FSTATUS = 1
    m.w2b[i].FSTATUS = 1
    print('w2a['+str(i)+']: '+str(m.w2a[i].MEAS))
    print('w2b['+str(i)+']: '+str(m.w2b[i].MEAS))
for i in range(len(m.w3)):
    m.w3[i].MEAS=train.w3[i].NEWVAL
    m.w3[i].FSTATUS = 1
    print('w3['+str(i)+']: '+str(m.w3[i].MEAS))
m.inpt.value=np.linspace(-2*np.pi,4*np.pi,100)
m.options.IMODE = 2
m.options.SOLVER = 3
m.solve(disp=False)

plt.figure()
plt.plot(x,y,'bo')
plt.plot(test.inpt.value,test.outpt.value,'r-')
plt.show()
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko8 button show="8. Solve Differential Equations":)
(:div id=gekko8:)
(:source lang=python:)
from gekko import GEKKO
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

m = GEKKO() # Initialize gekko
a = 0.4
m.time=np.linspace(0,20)
y = m.Var(value=5.0)
m.Equation(y.dt()==-a*y)
m.options.IMODE=4
m.options.NODES=3
m.solve(disp=False)

plt.plot(m.time,y.value)
plt.xlabel('time')
plt.ylabel('y')
plt.show()
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko9 button show="9. Nonlinear Programming Optimization":)
(:div id=gekko9:)

{$ \min  x_1 x_4 (x_1 + x_2 + x_3) + x_3 $}

{$ \mathrm{subject\;to} \quad  x_1 x_2 x_3 x_4 \ge 25$}

{$\quad x_1^2 + x_2^2 + x_3^2 + x_4^2 = 40$}

{$\quad 1 \le x_1, x_2, x_3, x_4 \le 5$}

{$\quad x_0 = (1,5,5,1)$}

Solve this optimization problem from a [[https://apmonitor.com/online/view_pass.php?f=hs071.apm|web-browser interface]] or with GEKKO Python.

(:source lang=python:)
from gekko import GEKKO   
import numpy as np

Deleted lines 415-416:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 417-452:
from gekko import GEKKO
m = GEKKO() # Initialize gekko
m.options.SOLVER=1  # APOPT is an MINLP solver

# optional solver settings with APOPT
m.solver_options = ['minlp_maximum_iterations 500', \
                    # minlp iterations with integer solution
                    'minlp_max_iter_with_int_sol 10', \
                    # treat minlp as nlp
                    'minlp_as_nlp 0', \
                    # nlp sub-problem max iterations
                    'nlp_maximum_iterations 50', \
                    # 1 = depth first, 2 = breadth first
                    'minlp_branch_method 1', \
                    # maximum deviation from whole number
                    'minlp_integer_tol 0.05', \
                    # covergence tolerance
                    'minlp_gap_tol 0.01']

# Initialize variables
x1 = m.Var(value=1,lb=1,ub=5)
x2 = m.Var(value=5,lb=1,ub=5)
# Integer constraints for x3 and x4
x3 = m.Var(value=5,lb=1,ub=5,integer=True)
x4 = m.Var(value=1,lb=1,ub=5,integer=True)
# Equations
m.Equation(x1*x2*x3*x4>=25)
m.Equation(x1**2+x2**2+x3**2+x4**2==40)
m.Obj(x1*x4*(x1+x2+x3)+x3) # Objective
m.solve(disp=False) # Solve
print('Results')
print('x1: ' + str(x1.value))
print('x2: ' + str(x2.value))
print('x3: ' + str(x3.value))
print('x4: ' + str(x4.value))
print('Objective: ' + str(m.options.objfcnval))
Deleted lines 457-458:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 459-486:
from gekko import GEKKO
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

m = GEKKO() # initialize gekko
nt = 101
m.time = np.linspace(0,2,nt)
# Variables
x1 = m.Var(value=1)
x2 = m.Var(value=0)
u = m.Var(value=0,lb=-1,ub=1)
p = np.zeros(nt) # mark final time point
p[-1] = 1.0
final = m.Param(value=p)
# Equations
m.Equation(x1.dt()==u)
m.Equation(x2.dt()==0.5*x1**2)
m.Obj(x2*final) # Objective function
m.options.IMODE = 6 # optimal control mode
m.solve(disp=False) # solve
plt.figure(1) # plot results
plt.plot(m.time,x1.value,'k-',label=r'$x_1$')
plt.plot(m.time,x2.value,'b-',label=r'$x_2$')
plt.plot(m.time,u.value,'r--',label=r'$u$')
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.xlabel('Time')
plt.ylabel('Value')
plt.show()
Deleted lines 491-492:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 493-531:
from gekko import GEKKO
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

# create GEKKO model
m = GEKKO()
# time points
n=501
m.time = np.linspace(0,10,n)
# constants
E,c,r,k,U_max = 1,17.5,0.71,80.5,20
# fishing rate
u = m.MV(value=1,lb=0,ub=1)
u.STATUS = 1
u.DCOST = 0
x = m.Var(value=70) # fish population
# fish population balance
m.Equation(x.dt() == r*x*(1-x/k)-u*U_max)
J = m.Var(value=0) # objective (profit)
Jf = m.FV() # final objective
Jf.STATUS = 1
m.Connection(Jf,J,pos2='end')
m.Equation(J.dt() == (E-c/x)*u*U_max)
m.Obj(-Jf) # maximize profit
m.options.IMODE = 6  # optimal control
m.options.NODES = 3  # collocation nodes
m.options.SOLVER = 3 # solver (IPOPT)
m.solve(disp=False) # Solve
print('Optimal Profit: ' + str(Jf.value[0]))
plt.figure(1) # plot results
plt.subplot(2,1,1)
plt.plot(m.time,J.value,'r--',label='profit')
plt.plot(m.time,x.value,'b-',label='fish')
plt.legend()
plt.subplot(2,1,2)
plt.plot(m.time,u.value,'k--',label='rate')
plt.xlabel('Time (yr)')
plt.legend()
plt.show()
Deleted lines 536-537:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 538-575:
from gekko import GEKKO
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

m = GEKKO() # initialize GEKKO
nt = 501
m.time = np.linspace(0,1,nt)
# Variables
x1 = m.Var(value=np.pi/2.0)
x2 = m.Var(value=4.0)
x3 = m.Var(value=0.0)
p = np.zeros(nt) # final time = 1
p[-1] = 1.0
final = m.Param(value=p)
# optimize final time
tf = m.FV(value=1.0,lb=0.1,ub=100.0)
tf.STATUS = 1
# control changes every time period
u = m.MV(value=0,lb=-2,ub=2)
u.STATUS = 1
m.Equation(x1.dt()==u*tf)
m.Equation(x2.dt()==m.cos(x1)*tf)
m.Equation(x3.dt()==m.sin(x1)*tf)
m.Equation(x2*final<=0)
m.Equation(x3*final<=0)
m.Obj(tf)
m.options.IMODE = 6
m.solve(disp=False)
print('Final Time: ' + str(tf.value[0]))
tm = np.linspace(0,tf.value[0],nt)
plt.figure(1)
plt.plot(tm,x1.value,'k-',label=r'$x_1$')
plt.plot(tm,x2.value,'b-',label=r'$x_2$')
plt.plot(tm,x3.value,'g--',label=r'$x_3$')
plt.plot(tm,u.value,'r--',label=r'$u$')
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.xlabel('Time')
plt.show()
Deleted lines 580-581:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 582-625:
from gekko import GEKKO
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

m = GEKKO()
tf = 40
m.time = np.linspace(0,tf,2*tf+1)
step = np.zeros(2*tf+1)
step[3:40] = 2.0
step[40:]  = 5.0

# Controller model
Kc = 15.0                    # controller gain
tauI = 2.0                  # controller reset time
tauD = 1.0                  # derivative constant
OP_0 = m.Const(value=0.0)  # OP bias
OP = m.Var(value=0.0)      # controller output
PV = m.Var(value=0.0)      # process variable
SP = m.Param(value=step)    # set point
Intgl = m.Var(value=0.0)    # integral of the error
err = m.Intermediate(SP-PV) # set point error
m.Equation(Intgl.dt()==err) # integral of the error
m.Equation(OP == OP_0 + Kc*err + (Kc/tauI)*Intgl - PV.dt())

# Process model
Kp = 0.5                    # process gain
tauP = 10.0                # process time constant
m.Equation(tauP*PV.dt() + PV == Kp*OP)

m.options.IMODE=4
m.solve(disp=False)

plt.figure()
plt.subplot(2,1,1)
plt.plot(m.time,OP.value,'b:',label='OP')
plt.ylabel('Output')
plt.legend()
plt.subplot(2,1,2)
plt.plot(m.time,SP.value,'k-',label='SP')
plt.plot(m.time,PV.value,'r--',label='PV')
plt.xlabel('Time (sec)')
plt.ylabel('Process')
plt.legend()
plt.show()
Deleted lines 630-631:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 632-673:
from gekko import GEKKO
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

# Generate "data" with process simulation
nt = 51
# input steps
u_meas = np.zeros(nt)
u_meas[3:10] = 1.0
u_meas[10:20] = 2.0
u_meas[20:40] = 0.5
u_meas[40:] = 3.0
# simulation model
p = GEKKO()
p.time = np.linspace(0,10,nt)
n = 1 #process model order
# Parameters
steps = np.zeros(n)
p.u = p.MV(value=u_meas)
p.u.FSTATUS=1
p.K = p.Param(value=1) #gain
p.tau = p.Param(value=5) #time constant
# Intermediate
p.x = [p.Intermediate(p.u)]
# Variables
p.x.extend([p.Var() for _ in range(n)])  #state variables
p.y = p.SV() #measurement
# Equations
p.Equations([p.tau/n * p.x[i+1].dt() == -p.x[i+1] + p.x[i] for i in range(n)])
p.Equation(p.y == p.K * p.x[n])
# Simulate
p.options.IMODE = 4
p.solve(disp=False)
# add measurement noise
y_meas = (np.random.rand(nt)-0.5)*0.2
for i in range(nt):
    y_meas[i] += p.y.value[i]
plt.plot(p.time,u_meas,'b:',label='Input (u) meas')
plt.plot(p.time,y_meas,'ro',label='Output (y) meas')
plt.plot(p.time,p.y.value,'k-',label='Output (y) actual')
plt.legend()
plt.show()
Deleted lines 678-679:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 680-730:
from gekko import GEKKO
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

# Estimator Model
m = GEKKO()
m.time = p.time
# Parameters
m.u = m.MV(value=u_meas) #input
m.K = m.FV(value=1, lb=1, ub=3)    # gain
m.tau = m.FV(value=5, lb=1, ub=10) # time constant
# Variables
m.x = m.SV() #state variable
m.y = m.CV(value=y_meas) #measurement
# Equations
m.Equations([m.tau * m.x.dt() == -m.x + m.u,
            m.y == m.K * m.x])
# Options
m.options.IMODE = 5 #MHE
m.options.EV_TYPE = 1
# STATUS = 0, optimizer doesn't adjust value
# STATUS = 1, optimizer can adjust
m.u.STATUS = 0
m.K.STATUS = 1
m.tau.STATUS = 1
m.y.STATUS = 1
# FSTATUS = 0, no measurement
# FSTATUS = 1, measurement used to update model
m.u.FSTATUS = 1
m.K.FSTATUS = 0
m.tau.FSTATUS = 0
m.y.FSTATUS = 1
# DMAX = maximum movement each cycle
m.K.DMAX = 2.0
m.tau.DMAX = 4.0
# MEAS_GAP = dead-band for measurement / model mismatch
m.y.MEAS_GAP = 0.25

# solve
m.solve(disp=False)

# Plot results
plt.subplot(2,1,1)
plt.plot(m.time,u_meas,'b:',label='Input (u) meas')
plt.legend()
plt.subplot(2,1,2)
plt.plot(m.time,y_meas,'gx',label='Output (y) meas')
plt.plot(p.time,p.y.value,'k-',label='Output (y) actual')
plt.plot(m.time,m.y.value,'r--',label='Output (y) estimated')
plt.legend()
plt.show()
Deleted lines 735-736:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 737-785:
from gekko import GEKKO
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

m = GEKKO()
m.time = np.linspace(0,20,41)

# Parameters
mass = 500
b = m.Param(value=50)
K = m.Param(value=0.8)

# Manipulated variable
p = m.MV(value=0, lb=0, ub=100)
p.STATUS = 1  # allow optimizer to change
p.DCOST = 0.1 # smooth out gas pedal movement
p.DMAX = 20  # slow down change of gas pedal

# Controlled Variable
v = m.CV(value=0)
v.STATUS = 1  # add the SP to the objective
m.options.CV_TYPE = 2 # squared error
v.SP = 40    # set point
v.TR_INIT = 1 # set point trajectory
v.TAU = 5    # time constant of trajectory

# Process model
m.Equation(mass*v.dt() == -v*b + K*b*p)

m.options.IMODE = 6 # control
m.solve(disp=False)

# get additional solution information
import json
with open(m.path+'//results.json') as f:
    results = json.load(f)

plt.figure()
plt.subplot(2,1,1)
plt.plot(m.time,p.value,'b-',label='MV Optimized')
plt.legend()
plt.ylabel('Input')
plt.subplot(2,1,2)
plt.plot(m.time,results['v1.tr'],'k-',label='Reference Trajectory')
plt.plot(m.time,v.value,'r--',label='CV Response')
plt.ylabel('Output')
plt.xlabel('Time')
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.show()
Deleted lines 790-791:
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
Added lines 792-810:
from gekko import GEKKO

m = GEKKO()                # create GEKKO model

print('--------- Follow local path to view files --------------')
print(m.path)              # show source file path
print('--------------------------------------------------------')

# test application
u = m.FV(value=5,name='u')  # define fixed value
x = m.SV(name='state')      # define state variable
m.Equation(x==u)            # define equation
m.options.COLDSTART = 1    # coldstart option
m.options.DIAGLEVEL = 0    # diagnostic level (0-10)
m.options.MAX_ITER = 500    # adjust maximum iterations
m.options.SENSITIVITY = 1  # sensitivity analysis
m.options.SOLVER = 1        # change solver (1=APOPT,3=IPOPT)
m.solve(disp=True)          # solve locally (remote=False)
print('x: ' + str(x.value)) # print variable value
May 22, 2018, at 02:32 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Changed line 21 from:
#pipmain(['install','--upgrade','gekko'])
to:
# to upgrade: pipmain(['install','--upgrade','gekko'])
May 22, 2018, at 02:31 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Changed lines 15-21 from:
 try:
    import gekko as GEKKO
except:
    # Automatically install GEKKO
    import pip
    pip.main
(['install','gekko'])
   import gekko as GEKKO
to:
(:source lang=python:)
try:
    from pip import main as pipmain
except:
    from pip._internal import main as pipmain
pipmain
(['install','gekko'])
#pipmain(['install','--upgrade','gekko'])
(:sourceend:)
May 22, 2018, at 02:21 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Added lines 92-107:
(:toggle hide gekko7 button show="7. Machine Learning with Neural Network":)
(:div id=gekko7:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko8 button show="8. Solve Differential Equations":)
(:div id=gekko8:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

Added lines 180-251:
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko10 button show="10. Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming":)
(:div id=gekko10:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko11 button show="11. Optimal Control with Integral Objective":)
(:div id=gekko11:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko12 button show="12. Optimal Control with Economic Objective":)
(:div id=gekko12:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko13 button show="13. Optimal Control: Minimize Final Time":)
(:div id=gekko13:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko14 button show="14. PID Control Tuning":)
(:div id=gekko14:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko15 button show="15. Process Simulator":)
(:div id=gekko15:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko16 button show="16. Moving Horizon Estimation":)
(:div id=gekko16:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko17 button show="17. Model Predictive Control":)
(:div id=gekko17:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko18 button show="18. Debugging Resources":)
(:div id=gekko18:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
May 22, 2018, at 01:55 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Changed lines 36-37 from:
!!!! Example Applications
to:
!!!! 18 Example Applications
Changed lines 44-57 from:
!!! Nonlinear Programming with GEKKO Python

{$ \min  x_1 x_4
(x_1 + x_2 + x_3) + x_3 $}

{$ \mathrm{subject\;to} \quad  x_1 x_2 x_3 x_4 \ge 25$}

{$\quad x_1^2 + x_2^2 + x_3^2 + x_4^2 = 40$}

{$\quad 1 \le x_1, x_2, x_3, x_4 \le 5$}

{$\quad x_0 = (1,5,5,1)$}

Solve this optimization problem from a [[https://apmonitor.com/online/view_pass.php?f=hs071.apm|web-browser interface]] or with GEKKO Python.

to:
(:toggle hide gekko1 button show="1. Install GEKKO and Change Options":)
(:div id=gekko1:)
Deleted line 46:
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/SH753YX2K1A" frameborder="0" gesture="media" allow="encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe>
Changed lines 48-50 from:

(:toggle hide gekko button show="Show GEKKO Solution":)
(:div id=gekko:)
to:
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko2 button show="2. Solve Linear Equations":)
(:div id=gekko2:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko3 button show="3. Solve Nonlinear Equations":)
(:div id=gekko3:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko4 button show="4. Interpolation with Cubic Spline":)
(:div id=gekko4:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko5 button show="5. Linear and Polynomial Regression":)
(:div id=gekko5:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko6 button show="6. Nonlinear Regression":)
(:div id=gekko6:)
(:html:)
(:htmlend:)
(:source lang=python:)
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

(:toggle hide gekko9 button show="9. Nonlinear Programming Optimization":)
(:div id=gekko9:)

{$ \min  x_1 x_4 (x_1 + x_2 + x_3) + x_3 $}

{$ \mathrm{subject\;to} \quad  x_1 x_2 x_3 x_4 \ge 25$}

{$\quad x_1^2 + x_2^2 + x_3^2 + x_4^2 = 40$}

{$\quad 1 \le x_1, x_2, x_3, x_4 \le 5$}

{$\quad x_0 = (1,5,5,1)$}

Solve this optimization problem from a [[https://apmonitor.com/online/view_pass.php?f=hs071.apm|web-browser interface]] or with GEKKO Python.

(:html:)
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/SH753YX2K1A" frameborder="0" gesture="media" allow="encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe>
(:htmlend:)

May 22, 2018, at 01:46 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Added lines 33-40:

----

!!!! Example Applications

Attach:download.png [[https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/url/apmonitor.com/wiki/uploads/Main/gekko_start.ipynb|GEKKO Exercises (Jupyter Notebook)]]

Attach:download.png [[https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/url/apmonitor.com/wiki/uploads/Main/gekko.ipynb|GEKKO Solutions (Jupyter Notebook)]]
May 22, 2018, at 01:40 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Changed line 5 from:
GEKKO Python is designed for large-scale optimization and accesses solvers of constrained, unconstrained, continuous, and discrete problems. Problems in linear programming, quadratic programming, integer programming, nonlinear optimization, systems of dynamic nonlinear equations, and multiobjective optimization can be solved. The platform can find optimal solutions, perform tradeoff analyses, balance multiple design alternatives, and incorporate optimization methods into external modeling and analysis software. It is free for academic and commercial use under the Apache license.
to:
GEKKO Python is designed for large-scale optimization and accesses solvers of constrained, unconstrained, continuous, and discrete problems. Problems in linear programming, quadratic programming, integer programming, nonlinear optimization, systems of dynamic nonlinear equations, and multiobjective optimization can be solved. The platform can find optimal solutions, perform tradeoff analyses, balance multiple design alternatives, and incorporate optimization methods into external modeling and analysis software. It is free for academic and commercial use under the MIT license.
May 22, 2018, at 01:37 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Changed line 7 from:
%width=300px%Attach:gekko_optimization.png
to:
%width=300px%Attach:gekko.png
April 30, 2018, at 02:18 AM by 45.56.3.173 -
Changed line 5 from:
GEKKO Python is designed for large-scale optimization and accesses solvers of constrained, unconstrained, continuous, and discrete problems. Problems in linear programming, quadratic programming, integer programming, nonlinear optimization, systems of dynamic nonlinear equations, and multiobjective optimization can be solved. The platform can find optimal solutions, perform tradeoff analyses, balance multiple design alternatives, and incorporate optimization methods into external modeling and analysis software. It is free for academic and commercial use.
to:
GEKKO Python is designed for large-scale optimization and accesses solvers of constrained, unconstrained, continuous, and discrete problems. Problems in linear programming, quadratic programming, integer programming, nonlinear optimization, systems of dynamic nonlinear equations, and multiobjective optimization can be solved. The platform can find optimal solutions, perform tradeoff analyses, balance multiple design alternatives, and incorporate optimization methods into external modeling and analysis software. It is free for academic and commercial use under the Apache license.
April 29, 2018, at 12:48 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Changed lines 114-118 from:
The [[https://apmonitor.com/do|Dynamic Optimization Course]] is graduate level course taught over fourteen weeks to introduce concepts in mathematical modeling, data reconciliation, estimation, and control. There are many other applications and instructional material posted to this freely available course web-site. The online course is generally offered starting each year in January.
to:
The [[https://apmonitor.com/do|Dynamic Optimization Course]] is graduate level course taught over fourteen weeks to introduce concepts in mathematical modeling, data reconciliation, estimation, and control. There are many other applications and instructional material posted to this freely available course web-site. The online course is generally offered starting each year in January. Below is an example student presentation at the end of the course. It is representative of the modeling, estimation, and control methods learned.

(:html:)
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/a6eIEeCrJdU" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe>
(:htmlend:)
April 29, 2018, at 12:28 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Changed line 114 from:
The [[https://apmonitor.com/do|Dynamic Optimization Course]] is graduate level course taught over 14 weeks to introduce concepts in mathematical modeling, data reconciliation, estimation, and control. There are many other applications and instructional material posted to this freely available course web-site. The online course is generally offered starting each year in January.
to:
The [[https://apmonitor.com/do|Dynamic Optimization Course]] is graduate level course taught over fourteen weeks to introduce concepts in mathematical modeling, data reconciliation, estimation, and control. There are many other applications and instructional material posted to this freely available course web-site. The online course is generally offered starting each year in January.
April 29, 2018, at 12:27 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Changed line 48 from:
* [[https://apmonitor.com/online/view_pass.php?f=hs071.apm|Solve this optimization problem from a web-browser interface]] or with Gekko Python.
to:
Solve this optimization problem from a [[https://apmonitor.com/online/view_pass.php?f=hs071.apm|web-browser interface]] or with GEKKO Python.
April 29, 2018, at 12:26 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Changed lines 25-26 from:
!!! GEKKO Python Documentation and Source
to:
!!! GEKKO Documentation and Source Code
Changed lines 29-31 from:
[[https://gekko.readthedocs.io/en/latest/|GEKKO Python on Github]]

The development roadmap for this and other interfaces are detailed in the [[Main/ProductRoadmap|release notes]]. Example problems with GEKKO are provided below.
to:
* [[https://gekko.readthedocs.io/en/latest/|GEKKO Documentation]]
* [[https://github.com/BYU-PRISM/GEKKO|GEKKO Source Code]]

The development roadmap for this and other interfaces to APMonitor are detailed in the [[Main/ProductRoadmap|release notes]]. Example problems with GEKKO are provided below.
April 29, 2018, at 12:25 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Changed line 25 from:
!!! GEKKO Python Documentation and Source Code
to:
!!! GEKKO Python Documentation and Source
April 29, 2018, at 12:24 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Added lines 5-6:
GEKKO Python is designed for large-scale optimization and accesses solvers of constrained, unconstrained, continuous, and discrete problems. Problems in linear programming, quadratic programming, integer programming, nonlinear optimization, systems of dynamic nonlinear equations, and multiobjective optimization can be solved. The platform can find optimal solutions, perform tradeoff analyses, balance multiple design alternatives, and incorporate optimization methods into external modeling and analysis software. It is free for academic and commercial use.
Deleted lines 7-8:

GEKKO Python is designed for large-scale optimization and accesses solvers of constrained, unconstrained, continuous, and discrete problems. Problems in linear programming, quadratic programming, integer programming, nonlinear optimization, systems of dynamic nonlinear equations, and multiobjective optimization can be solved. The platform can find optimal solutions, perform tradeoff analyses, balance multiple design alternatives, and incorporate optimization methods into external modeling and analysis software. It is free for academic and commercial use.
April 29, 2018, at 12:24 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Deleted lines 8-17:
(:html:)
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/WF3iieZfRA0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
(:htmlend:)

Example applications of nonlinear models with differential and algebraic equations are available for download below or from the following GitHub repository.

 git clone git://github.com/APMonitor/apm_python

Attach:download.jpg [[https://github.com/APMonitor?tab=repositories | APM Python with Demo Applications on GitHub]]

Changed line 13 from:
Another method to obtain GEKKO is to include the following code snippet at the beginning of a Python script. If GEKKO is not available, it will use the pip module to install it.
to:
Another method to obtain GEKKO is to include the following code snippet at the beginning of a Python script. If GEKKO is not available, it uses the pip module to install it.
April 29, 2018, at 12:22 PM by 45.56.3.173 -
Added lines 1-123:
(:title GEKKO Python Optimization:)
(:keywords nonlinear, Python, model, predictive control, GEKKO, APMonitor, optimal control, modeling language:)
(:description GEKKO: A comprehensive modeling and nonlinear optimization solution with Python scripting language:)

%width=300px%Attach:gekko_optimization.png

GEKKO Python is designed for large-scale optimization and accesses solvers of constrained, unconstrained, continuous, and discrete problems. Problems in linear programming, quadratic programming, integer programming, nonlinear optimization, systems of dynamic nonlinear equations, and multiobjective optimization can be solved. The platform can find optimal solutions, perform tradeoff analyses, balance multiple design alternatives, and incorporate optimization methods into external modeling and analysis software. It is free for academic and commercial use.

(:html:)
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/WF3iieZfRA0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
(:htmlend:)

Example applications of nonlinear models with differential and algebraic equations are available for download below or from the following GitHub repository.

 git clone git://github.com/APMonitor/apm_python

Attach:download.jpg [[https://github.com/APMonitor?tab=repositories | APM Python with Demo Applications on GitHub]]

The GEKKO package is available through the package manager '''pip''' in Python.

 python pip install gekko

Another method to obtain GEKKO is to include the following code snippet at the beginning of a Python script. If GEKKO is not available, it will use the pip module to install it.

 try:
    import gekko as GEKKO
 except:
    # Automatically install GEKKO
    import pip
    pip.main(['install','gekko'])
    import gekko as GEKKO

----

!!! GEKKO Python Documentation and Source Code

The latest GEKKO source is available on Github.  Functionality is tested with Python 2.7 and Python 3+. 

[[https://gekko.readthedocs.io/en/latest/|GEKKO Python on Github]]

The development roadmap for this and other interfaces are detailed in the [[Main/ProductRoadmap|release notes]]. Example problems with GEKKO are provided below. 

----

!!! Nonlinear Programming with GEKKO Python

{$ \min  x_1 x_4 (x_1 + x_2 + x_3) + x_3 $}

{$ \mathrm{subject\;to} \quad  x_1 x_2 x_3 x_4 \ge 25$}

{$\quad x_1^2 + x_2^2 + x_3^2 + x_4^2 = 40$}

{$\quad 1 \le x_1, x_2, x_3, x_4 \le 5$}

{$\quad x_0 = (1,5,5,1)$}

* [[https://apmonitor.com/online/view_pass.php?f=hs071.apm|Solve this optimization problem from a web-browser interface]] or with Gekko Python.

(:html:)
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/SH753YX2K1A" frameborder="0" gesture="media" allow="encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe>
(:htmlend:)

(:toggle hide gekko button show="Show GEKKO Solution":)
(:div id=gekko:)
(:source lang=python:)
from gekko import GEKKO   
import numpy as np

#Initialize Model
m = GEKKO()

#help(m)

#define parameter
eq = m.Param(value=40)

#initialize variables
x1,x2,x3,x4 = [m.Var() for i in range(4)]

#initial values
x1.value = 1
x2.value = 5
x3.value = 5
x4.value = 1

# lower bounds
x1.lb = 1
x2.lb = 1
x3.lb = 1
x4.lb = 1

# upper bounds
x1.ub = 5
x2.ub = 5
x3.ub = 5
x4.ub = 5

#Equations
m.Equation(x1*x2*x3*x4>=25)
m.Equation(x1**2+x2**2+x3**2+x4**2==eq)

#Objective
m.Obj(x1*x4*(x1+x2+x3)+x3)

#Set global options
m.options.IMODE = 3 #steady state optimization

#Solve simulation
m.solve(remote=True)

#Results
print('')
print('Results')
print('x1: ' + str(x1.value))
print('x2: ' + str(x2.value))
print('x3: ' + str(x3.value))
print('x4: ' + str(x4.value))
(:sourceend:)
(:divend:)

!!! Learn GEKKO Python with Online Course

The [[https://apmonitor.com/do|Dynamic Optimization Course]] is graduate level course taught over 14 weeks to introduce concepts in mathematical modeling, data reconciliation, estimation, and control. There are many other applications and instructional material posted to this freely available course web-site. The online course is generally offered starting each year in January.